See surgien in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "surgeon"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "surgeon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "surgien"
},
"expansion": "Old French surgien",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "*chīrurgiānus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *chīrurgiānus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "chīrurgia"
},
"expansion": "Latin chīrurgia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cirurgien"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cirurgien",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed Old French surgien, itself inherited from Vulgar Latin *chīrurgiānus, from Latin chīrurgia. Doublet of cirurgien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "surgiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surgean",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sergien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgyen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgiene",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorjoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "surgien",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "surgiens"
},
"expansion": "surgien (plural surgiens)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Surgery",
"orig": "enm:Surgery",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surgeon; one who practices the art of surgery."
],
"id": "en-surgien-enm-noun-uaJHmCaQ"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who restores one's health."
],
"id": "en-surgien-enm-noun-qq8WjIRx",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) One who restores one's health."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surˈdʒiɛn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsurdʒiən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsurdʒin/"
}
],
"word": "surgien"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Occupations",
"enm:People",
"enm:Surgery"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "surgeon"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "surgeon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "surgien"
},
"expansion": "Old French surgien",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "*chīrurgiānus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *chīrurgiānus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "chīrurgia"
},
"expansion": "Latin chīrurgia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cirurgien"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cirurgien",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed Old French surgien, itself inherited from Vulgar Latin *chīrurgiānus, from Latin chīrurgia. Doublet of cirurgien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "surgiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surgean",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sergien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgyen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgiene",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorjoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surgyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "surgien",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "surgiens"
},
"expansion": "surgien (plural surgiens)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A surgeon; one who practices the art of surgery."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One who restores one's health."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) One who restores one's health."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surˈdʒiɛn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsurdʒiən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsurdʒin/"
}
],
"word": "surgien"
}
Download raw JSONL data for surgien meaning in Middle English (2.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.